Punto, linea e disinformazione
O se il progetto grafico può influenzare la percezione nel giornalismo politico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.82068/pgjournal.2026.23.42.03Parole chiave:
Media Bias, Fallacie logiche, Debunking, Visualizzazione dell'Informazione, Evidence-Based DesignAbstract
La stampa di attualità politica è caratterizzata dalla ricorrenza di distorsioni cognitive, prospettive polarizzate, bias sistematici e argomentazioni fallaci, che contribuiscono in maniera significativa alla formazione dell'opinione pubblica. Considerato che nei sistemi democratici l'azione politica è definita dalla volontà popolare, limitare l'impatto di questi agenti e avere una cittadinanza adeguatamente informata risulta essere una massima priorità per il corretto funzionamento della cosa pubblica. La presente ricerca indaga la relazione tra comunicazione visiva e informazione di attualità politica, focalizzandosi sulla potenziale efficacia della progettazione grafica all'interno della lotta alla disinformazione. Dopo una ricognizione della letteratura esistente, viene condotto un esperimento che verifica la specifica efficacia di una delle best practice suggerite in letteratura (inoculation theory) combinata ad una rappresentazione grafica (schemi di Eulero) sulla mitigazione di una specifica fallacia logica (falsa causa). I risultati mostrano una sostanziale equivalenza tra il gruppo sperimentale e quello di controllo, ma evidenziano al contempo una maggiore capacità di riconoscimento della distorsione da parte di coloro che dimostrano di aver compreso la fallacia. Si invita quindi lo sviluppo di ulteriori indagini volte ad esplorare le molteplici combinazioni grafico/progettuali offerte dal framework teorico proposto, ma integrando nelle valutazioni ulteriori variabili rilevanti come l'attenzione cognitiva e l'engagement.
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